How to Make a Pinhole

Picture of Gather Materials

Step 1: Gather items

You’d need a box, photo paper, thin piece of metal like can or brass, tape, knife, needle, and sand paper.
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Step 2: Make a Pinhole

The pinhole is like the lens of the camera. Poke a small hole in the brass with a needle and sand it smooth. Trim the brass so there is a little space around the hole.
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Step 3: Make a camera box
You can use a shoe box, cookie tin, anything lightproof. When the lid is on and the shutter is closed the inside is completely dark. The only light comes through the pinhole. Make sure there are no openings in the box. Seal it and paint it flat black. Cut a small square opening in the box for the pinhole to go in.
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Step 4: Put in the Pinhole and Make Shutter
Tape the pinhole behind the square opening. You can use electrical tape. Center the pinhole in the square. Then make the shutter which is just the flap that covers the pinhole from the outside. It can be made from more tape.
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Step 5: Load the paper
This must be done in complete darkness. You can make a darkroom in a bathroom or closet and use it for developing and changing paper. Tape a piece of photo paper to the inside of the box across from the hole. Put lid on and make sure the shutter is closed. Now go out in the light.
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Step 6: Take the picture
Point the camera at what you want to shoot. It works best when it is bright. Depending on lighting and clouds hold shutter open for 30 seconds to 4 minutes then close. Everything has to stay perfectly still. Go back to the dark room and take paper out to develop.

10 Composition Tips

Rule of Thirds:Lighthouse with rule of thirds gridOLYMPUS DIGITAL CAMERA

Imagining 9 equal segments, 2 vertical, 2 horizontal, will balance and interest your photo.

Balancing Elements:Road sign with building behindOLYMPUS DIGITAL CAMERA

Using rule of thirds, placing your subject off to the side creates a more interesting image. But the background could feel empty, so make sure to add a lesser subject to fill the space.

Leading Lines:

Road winding through mountainsOLYMPUS DIGITAL CAMERA

Thinking of how you place lines in your image could affect how you view it, pulling you into the picture towards the subject, or feels like going on a journey. Using those lines enhances the images composition.

Symmetry and Patterns:Chapel entranceOLYMPUS DIGITAL CAMERA

Ways to draw attention would be using tension and a focal point to the particular scene.

Viewpoint:

Man sitting on beach photographed from aboveOLYMPUS DIGITAL CAMERA

The viewpoint has a massive impact of the composition. Instead of shooting at eye levels, shoot  the photo at different heights and levels like higher, ground level, a side view, etc.

Background:

Female violinistOLYMPUS DIGITAL CAMERA

Look for a background that is plain before you shoot your photo so there aren’t any distractions from the main subject.

Depth:

Sheep in field will misty hills in the backgroundOLYMPUS DIGITAL CAMERA

Include objects in the foreground, middle ground, and background. Overlapping is another composition technique.

Framing:

Lake framed by hills either sideOLYMPUS DIGITAL CAMERA

Natural frames such as archways, trees, and holes can be used around the edges of the composition to isolate the main subject from everything else. It draws the eye to the main subject naturally.

Cropping:

Ceramic ornaments of characters huggingOLYMPUS DIGITAL CAMERA

By cropping tightly, it eliminates the business in the background and focuses on the main subject.

Experimentation:Lone tree in field illuminated with golden lightOLYMPUS DIGITAL CAMERA

You can fire many shots to see if there are interesting and pretty images and delete unwanted ones later.